Home and Industrial Safety Using Fire and Gas Detection System

Abstract

Fire accidents in residential, commercial, and industrial environments often result in significant loss of life, property damage, and environmental hazards. Rapid detection and immediate response are critical for minimizing the impact of such incidents. This paper presents an IoT and embedded-system-based Automatic Fire Extinguishing Robot designed to detect, locate, and suppress fire autonomously with minimal human intervention. The proposed system integrates flame sensors, an ultrasonic sensor, an Arduino Uno microcontroller, an L298N motor driver, DC motors, a relay module, and a submersible water pump to achieve intelligent fire detection, obstacle avoidance, navigation, and extinguishing operations. The flame sensors continuously monitor the environment and identify the direction of the fire source, while the ultrasonic sensor enables safe movement by detecting obstacles in the robot’s path. Upon detecting fire, the robot navigates toward the affected area and activates the water pump to extinguish the flame automatically. Experimental testing demonstrated accurate fire detection, reliable obstacle avoidance, stable navigation, and effective fire suppression under controlled conditions. The proposed system offers a low-cost, efficient, and scalable solution for enhancing fire safety in homes, laboratories, warehouses, and small industrial environments, while significantly reducing human exposure to hazardous situations.