Optimizing Total Parenteral Nutrition For NBM Patients In Pre And Postoperative Phases: A Clinical Approach

Abstract

A total of 124 participants were enrolled in the study, they have been categorized based on their age groups. The distribution is as follows 18 to 29 age group has 8 patients, the 30 to 39 age group has 20 patients, the 40 to 49 age group has 28 patients, the 50 to 59 age group has 26 patients, the 60 to 69 age group has 32 patients, 70 to 80 age group has 10 patients and their percentages are as follows 6.45%, 16.12%, 22.58%, 20.96%, 25.80%, 8.06% respectively. 62 were males with 50%, and 62 were females with 50%. The percentage of male patients and female patients was maintained equal. Out Of the total number of subjects, 69 members have comorbidities with a percentage of 56% and 55 members do not have comorbidities denoting 44% of the total population. 36 patients got 5 TPNs administered, 22 patients got 4 TPNs administered, 30 patients got 3 TPNs administered, 27 patients got 2 TPNs administered and 9 patients got 1 TPN administered. to In the present clinical study, the most affected age group was 60–69 years (25.8%), followed by 40– 49 years (22.58%). The lowest representation was in the 18–29 years age group (6.45%). This suggests that older patients are more likely require TPN support, possibly due to comorbidities and age-related metabolic challenges. Equal representation of male and female patients (50% each). This highlights that TPN is required irrespective of gender, emphasizing its role in surgical and critical care. 56% of patients had comorbidities, while 44% did not. Diabetes Mellitus (34.78%) and Hypertension (30.43%) were the most common comorbidities. Asthma, Thyroid Disorders, and Vitamin Deficiencies were also noted. Patients with diabetes and hypertension are at higher risk of post-surgical complications, making proper nutritional support crucial. Gastrointestinal (20.16%) and Gynecology (19.35%) had the highest number of patients. General Surgery (18.54%) and Cardiology (17.74%) also had significant representation. Nephrology and Orthopedics (12.09% each) had fewer patients. Gastrointestinal patients require nutritional support due to gut surgeries, making TPN essential. High Calorie Diet (56.77%) was the most common, followed by Low- Calorie Diet (26.61%). This indicates that most patients require higher energy intake, likely due to metabolic stress after surgery. 35.48% were NBM for 3 days, and 25.8% for 4 days. Longer NBM periods increase the risk of malnutrition, justifying the need for TPN. 29% of patients received 5 TPN doses, while 24.4% received 3 TPN doses.